The president said the riots were an attempt to hijack South Africa’s democracy. He told supporters that instigators had been identified, but didn’t elaborate. “We are going after them,” he added.

In KwaZulu-Natal, many have been queuing for food, sometimes from the early hours of the morning just to get a few items.

People waiting said that they were concerned about feeding their families, getting formula and nappies for their babies, and even food for their pets.

The week of violence in the province has left roads damaged or blocked by rioters and the government wants to make sure the food supply is not disrupted, said Khumbudzo Ntshavheni, an acting minister.

Soldiers have been deployed to potential flashpoints and police are providing escorts for the transportation of oxygen, medicines, and other key goods, she said.

He said more than 2,500 people had been arrested in connection with the unrest and urged South Africans to come together.

“If we stand together, no insurrection or violence in this country will succeed,” he said. “We are engaged in a struggle to defend our democracy, our Constitution, our livelihoods, and our safety.

“This is not a battle that we can afford to lose.”