India has emerged as a major global player in rice export during the past 20 months. Part of its credit goes to the Covid-19 pandemic, because of which other major rice exporting countries failed to meet world demand and India took this opportunity to export more rice worldwide.
The steep growth of the rice exports can be judged from the fact that India’s export during the fiscal year 20-21 has registered a 112 % increase—the highest ever growth since India started exporting rice.
The situation is equally encouraging for this fiscal year where rice export registered 72 % in the first four months against the corresponding period last year. If rice exporters are to be believed, India could have exported much more than the present export, had there not been an acute shortage of containers, and rice in ocean and inland freight.
The exponential rise in export is despite the fact that Indian exporters had to face a series of hurdles including steep rice in container freight, transport freight and other handling charges due to the COVID-19 pandemic, admitted Executive Director of the All India Rice Exporters Association Vinod Kaul.
‘If we talk of 2020-21, India exported 13 Million Metric Tonnes non-basmati rice and around 4.5 MMT basmati rice—which comes to around 17.5 MMT rice. It is more than 37 % of the total world export (47 MMT),” the Executive Director said.
There are mainly four major rice exporting countries, India, Thailand, Vietnam and Pakistan. In the last fiscal year, India’s rice export was more than the cumulative exports of the other three major exporting countries—Thailand, Vietnam, and Pakistan.
India has performed excellently in this adverse situation of the COVID 19 pandemic. “The workers were rarely available, containers were hardly available, the inland ocean freight almost doubled in some cases. Still, we made it happen,” said a rice exporter.
Thailand and Vietnam have one more advantage, the rice-producing areas are near to the sea, so the inland freight is almost negligible. Whereas in India, rice-producing states mainly Punjab, Haryana, Western UP and part of Jammu, all are far away from major ports. “This resulted in heavy inland costs, and we became less competitive price-wise,” Kaul said.
Another issue is that some of the rice exporting countries like Bangladesh and China became rice importing countries due to low production. It further aggravated the rice demand in the international market.